accumulator

专利摘要:
The invention relates to an accumulator (1) with at least one cell (3) for storage for electrical energy and at least one heating device (2) for heating or temperature control of the cell (3) having a single or multilayer film (4, 9) has at least one heating element.
公开号:AT520410A1
申请号:T50771/2017
申请日:2017-09-14
公开日:2019-03-15
发明作者:Ing Stefan Gaigg Dipl；Dipl Ing Hintringer Roland
申请人:Miba Ag；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

The invention relates to an accumulator with at least one cell for storing electrical energy and at least one heating device for heating or tempering the cell.
The lifespan and effectiveness as well as the safety of a rechargeable battery, i.e. of an accumulator, for so-called e-mobility also depend on the temperature during operation. One of the problems is starting a motor vehicle with a cold accumulator, as often occurs when starting in winter. For this reason, concepts have already been proposed in which the accumulator is preheated before starting in order to be able to carry out the so-called cold start as close as possible to the optimal operating temperature of the accumulator. Temperature control may also be necessary when the accumulator is in operation.
The present invention has for its object to provide a structurally simple way with which an accumulator can be heated or tempered.
The object of the invention is achieved in the above-mentioned accumulator in that the heating device has at least one single-layer or multilayer film with at least one heating element.
The advantage here is that the combination of "foil" with "heating element" enables the heating element to be brought into better contact with the cells, since the foil can more easily compensate for cell tolerances. The film can therefore meet without further measures (such as attaching / 22
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Compensating masses) over the entire surface of the cells, which can improve the heat transfer from the heating element to the cells. In addition, the film provides a simple way of arranging the heating element on the cell, so that further fastenings for the heating element itself can be dispensed with if necessary.
According to one embodiment variant of the accumulator, it can be provided that the heating element is designed as a metal foil or metallized plastic foil or wire or grid. Such heating elements can be easily arranged on or in the film, whereby a further design simplification of the heating device can be achieved.
It can also be provided that the heating element is arranged on or in the single or multilayer film. It is thus possible to further adapt the thermal energy that can be transferred to the cells per unit of time by using the film as a delay element or insulating element, if necessary, or by making the transfer of the thermal energy to the cells more direct. Subsequently, the temperature of the cells can be adapted more easily to the respective cells, so that a heating element type can be used more easily for different cell types. In addition, with the arrangement of the heating element in the single-layer or multilayer film, a protective function for the heating element can also be easily implemented.
According to another embodiment variant of the accumulator, provision can be made for the heating device to be part of a cooling device, the at least one single-layer or multilayer film at least partially forming a coolant channel. With the combination of the heating element with the cooling device, the design effort can be further simplified. In addition, thermal energy can be fed into the cooling liquid, which can simplify the temperature control of the cells during operation.
In order to achieve the most uniform possible heating of all cells, it can be provided according to a further embodiment variant of the battery that the / 22nd
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Heating element has an area of at least 90% of the base of the cooling device. The heating element can therefore have a relatively large area.
According to another embodiment variant of the rechargeable battery, it can be provided that the single-layer or multi-layer film has at least one heating element for each cell, which makes it possible in a simple manner to detect and heat each cell individually.
However, according to another embodiment variant of the accumulator, it can also be provided that the multilayer film comprises at least two plastic films and that the at least one heating element is arranged between these two plastic films. The heating element can thus be made more robust, since it can be better protected against environmental influences.
It can further be provided that the single-layer or multilayer film has at least one temperature sensor which is connected to the heating element, so that the heating power of the heating element is regulated as a function of the measured value of the temperature. A more accurate temperature control of the accumulator to a temperature within a narrower temperature interval can thus be achieved.
According to a further development, it can be provided that the at least one temperature sensor is in direct contact with the cell, as a result of which the temperature measurement can take place more precisely and, moreover, it can react more quickly to temperature changes within the cell.
For a better understanding of the invention, this will be explained in more detail with reference to the following figures.
Each shows in a simplified, schematic representation:
1 shows an accumulator in an oblique view with a heating device.
FIG. 2 shows the accumulator according to FIG. 1 in an oblique view without a heating device;
3 shows a detail from a cooling device for the accumulator;
/ 22nd
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Fig. 4 shows a detail of the heating device in combination with a cooling device of the battery.
In the introduction, it should be noted that in the differently described embodiments, the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals or the same component names, and the disclosures contained in the entire description can be applied analogously to the same parts with the same reference numerals or the same component names. The location information selected in the description, e.g. above, below, to the side, etc., referring to the figure described and illustrated immediately, and if the position is changed, these are to be applied accordingly to the new position.
1 and 2 an accumulator 1, i.e. a rechargeable battery, shown in an oblique view, FIG. 1 shows the accumulator 1 with a heating device 2 and FIG. 2 shows the accumulator 1 without this heating device 2.
The accumulator 1 comprises several cells 3 for electrical energy. In the example shown there are 27 cells 3. However, this number is not to be understood as limiting.
The cells 3 can be cuboid, cube-shaped, cylindrical, etc.
Since the basic structure of such accumulators 1 for e-mobility is known from the relevant prior art, reference should be made to avoid repetition.
As can be seen from the comparison of the two FIGS. 1 and 2, the heating device 2 is arranged on one side of the accumulator 1, in particular at the top. However, it can also be provided that the heating device 2 extends over at least two surfaces of the rechargeable battery 1, for example above and to the side and optionally below. Alternatively or additionally, the heating device 2 can also be arranged between the cells 3.
/ 22nd
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It is preferred if the heating device 2 extends over all cells 3, in particular the upper side of the cells 3 (as can be seen from FIG. 1), so that all cells 3 can be heated or tempered with only one heating device 2. In principle, however, it is also possible to provide a plurality of heating devices 2 in the accumulator 1, for example two or three or four, so that, for example, the cells 3 are divided into two or three or four, etc. heating device 2.
It should be pointed out that the terms top side, etc., refer to the installation position of the accumulator 1.
It should also be pointed out that the cells 3 can have a modular design, so that they can also be referred to by memory modules.
In addition, it should be pointed out that in the present description the accumulator 1 is described with several cells 3. The accumulator 1 can, however, also have only one cell 3, so that the explanations in the description can also be applied accordingly to this embodiment variant.
In all of the design variants, the heating device 2 comprises or consists of a single or multilayer film 4, as can be seen from FIGS. 3 and 4. With this film 4, the heating device 2 is in contact with the cells 3, in particular directly. The system takes place, for example, on the top of the cells 3, as was explained above. Since the film 4 is flexible, ie is not stiff, this film 4 can adapt better to unevenness in the cells 3 or between the cells 3. A balancing mass between the heating device 2 and the cells 3 is not necessary.
The heating device 2 can have the single-layer or multilayer film 4 on both sides. However, it is also possible for the single-layer or multilayer film 4 to be arranged only on the side of the heating device 2 facing the cells 3, and for this film 4 to be combined with a rigid metal layer, for example made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, which can also form a lid of the accumulator 1.
/ 22nd
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Furthermore, the heating device 2 can comprise a cooling device with at least one coolant channel 5, which extends from at least one inlet 6 to at least one outlet 7. The at least one coolant channel 2 can be formed within the single or multilayer film 4 or between two single or multilayer films 4 or between this film 4 and the metal layer by only partially connecting the film (s) 4 or the film 4 to the metal layer as can be seen in FIG. 4. For example, the at least one coolant channel 5 can be produced by gluing or shitting the foils (s) 4 to form webs 8 (FIG. 4). The at least one coolant channel 5 is formed in the non-connected areas of the film (s) 4 next to the webs 8. Other suitable connection techniques can also be used to connect the film (s) 4 or the film 4 to the metal layer.
The at least one coolant channel 5 can also be made differently. For example, the metal layer can be shaped accordingly, e.g. deep-drawn.
The coolant channel 5 can be arranged in a meandering shape in the heating device 2, as can be seen from FIG. 3. The specific representation of the course of the at least one coolant channel 5 in FIG. 3 is only to be understood as an example. The optimized course of the at least one coolant channel 5 is directed among other things. according to the amount of heat to be dissipated, the geometry of the accumulator 1, etc. It can also be provided that more than one coolant channel 5 is formed or arranged in the heating device 2. In this case, it is advantageous if a common inlet 6 and then a common outlet 7 are arranged in front of the plurality of coolant channels 5, which can each be configured as a collecting channel from which the coolant channels 5 branch or into which they open , However, there is also the possibility that each coolant channel 5 has its own inlet 6 and / or its own outlet 7.
A liquid, for example a water-glycol mixture, is used in particular as the coolant through which the cooling device 2 flows.
/ 22nd
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The heating device 2 according to FIG. 4 comprises the film 4 and a further single- or multi-layer film 9. The film 4 and the further film 9 are in connection areas 10 with the formation of the at least one coolant channel 5 between the film 4 and the further film 9 connected. The connection areas 10 extend along the longitudinal extent of the at least one coolant channel 5, areas which are not connected remaining between the connection areas 10, in which the at least one coolant channel 5 is formed by the spacing of the film 4 from the further film 9. The film 4 and the further film 9, which is arranged in particular above the film 4, extend over an area which preferably at least approximately, in particular 100%, corresponds to the area of the connection regions 2 (viewed in plan view).
The film 4 and the further film 9 can consist of a laminate which has a first plastic film 11, 12, optionally a reinforcing layer 13, 14 connected thereto, a plastic film 11, 12 or a metal film 15 or 16 connected to the reinforcing layer 13 or 14 or has a metallized further plastic film connected to the reinforcement layer 13. However, it should be pointed out that in particular the film 4 lying against the cells 3 can also be formed in one layer from the plastic film 11.
In principle, other laminates can also be used. For example, only the foil 4 can be provided with the metal foil 14 or only the further foil 10 with the metal foil 17. Likewise, only the film 4 can have the reinforcement layer 13 or only the further film 10 can have the reinforcement layer 16. Likewise, more than three-layer structures of the film 4 and / or the further film 9 are possible. However, the film 4 and the further film 14 are preferably of the same design.
The at least one coolant channel 5 is not formed by separate components but is formed by the only partial connection of the film 4 to the further films 10. The wall or the walls of the at least one coolant channel 5 are thus formed by the film 4 and the further film 10, preferably half each.
/ 22nd
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The first plastic films 11, 12 and / or the metallized further plastic film preferably consists of at least 80% by weight, in particular at least 90% by weight, of a thermoplastic or an elastomer. The thermoplastic can be selected from a group comprising or consisting of polyethylene (PE), polyoxymethylene (POM), polyamide (PA), in particular PA 6, PA 66, PA 11, PA 12, PA 610, PA 612, polyphenylene, sulfide (PPS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), cross-linked polyolefins, preferably polypropylene (PP). The elastomer can be selected from a group comprising or consisting of thermoplastic elastomers such as e.g. thermoplastic vulcanizates, olefin, amine, ester-based, thermoplastic polyurethanes, in particular thermoplastic elastomers based on ether / ester, styrene block copolymers, silicone elastomers.
It should be mentioned at this point that a plastic is understood to mean a synthetic or natural polymer which is produced from corresponding monomers.
The first plastic film 11, 12 and / or the metallized further plastic film preferably consists of a so-called sealing film. This has the advantage that the respective foils can be connected directly to one another.
But it is also possible to use other plastics, e.g. to use thermosetting plastics or thermosetting materials which are then glued together, for example with an adhesive. Two-component adhesive systems based on polyurethane or silicone or hot glue systems are particularly suitable for this purpose.
The reinforcement layer (s) 13, 14 preferably comprise or consist of a fiber reinforcement, which is preferably designed as a separate layer. The fiber reinforcement can be formed from fibers and / or threads which are selected from a group comprising or consisting of glass fibers, aramid fibers, carbon fibers, mineral fibers, such as, for example, basalt fibers, natural fibers, such as e.g. Hemp, sisal, and combinations thereof.
/ 22nd
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Glass fibers are preferably used as the fiber reinforcement layer. The proportion of fibers, in particular glass fibers, in the fiber reinforcement can be at least 80% by weight, in particular at least 90% by weight. The fibers and / or threads of the fiber reinforcement preferably consist exclusively of glass fibers.
The fibers and / or threads can be present in the fiber reinforcement as scrims, for example as a fleece. However, a woven or knitted fabric made of the fibers and / or threads is preferred. It is also possible that the fabric or knitted fabric is only present in some areas and the remaining areas of the fiber reinforcement are formed by a scrim.
It is also possible for rubberized fibers and / or threads to be used as or for fiber reinforcement.
When using a woven fabric, different types of weave are possible, especially plain, twill or satin weave. A plain weave is preferably used.
However, it is also possible to use an open-mesh glass fabric or glass scrim.
A coated paper can also be used as fiber reinforcement. The coating makes the paper liquid-resistant.
As an alternative or in addition to the fiber reinforcement, the reinforcement layers 13, 14 can have a mineral filling. Calcium carbonate, talc, quartz, wollastonite, kaolin or mica can be used as the mineral filler (mineral filler).
The metal foil 15, 16 is in particular an aluminum foil. However, other metals can also be used, such as copper or silver.
The metal foil 15, 16 can have a layer thickness between 5 μm and 200 μm, in particular between 60 μm and 200 μm.
/ 22nd
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The plastic films 11, 12 can have a layer thickness between 10 μm and 200 μm.
The layer thickness of the reinforcement layer (s) 13, 14 can be between 5 μm and 50 μm.
Although the films 4, 9 can in principle be used in the form of the individual films for the production of the cooling device 2, so that the film laminate (s) are only formed in the course of the production of the cooling device 2, it is advantageous if the films 4, 9 can be used as a (laminated) semi-finished product.
To connect the individual layers of the laminate or the laminates, these can be glued together using adhesives. The adhesives mentioned above are suitable for this. In addition to adhesives, coextrusion and extrusion coating can also be used as a connection option. Of course, a combination is also possible that several plastics are coextruded and glued together with an extrusion-coated metal or (fiber) reinforcement layer. In general, all known methods for producing composite films or film laminates can be used.
The heating device 2 can also have further single-layer or multilayer films, as a result of which coolant channels 5 can be formed in several planes.
However, it should be expressly pointed out that the heating device 2 can also be designed without these coolant channels 5, that is to say it can only have the single-layer or multilayer film 4. In addition, it is possible for the accumulator 1 to have a separate cooling device, which in particular can also be produced from the single-layer or multilayer films 4, 9, as was described above. However, the combination of the heating device 2 with the cooling device described is preferred.
The heating device 2 has at least one heating element. In the embodiment variant of the accumulator 1 described above, this is at least one / 22nd
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Heating element formed by the metal foil 15 and / or the metal foil 16 and / or de metallized plastic foil.
However, the at least one heating element can be designed differently, in particular as a wire or as a grid. The term “grid” also includes fabrics with open meshes (mesh fabric). Such heating elements are preferably also made of metal.
In general, however, the heating element can also have a non-metallic carrier with an electrically conductive coating thereon. Such coatings can, for example, be paint-based, as they are e.g. are known from Coating Suiss GmbH in the form of carbon-based heating lacquers.
In addition or as an alternative to the arrangement of the at least one heating element (in the form of the metal foil 11, 12) described above between two layers of the foil 4, 9, for example between two plastic foils 11, 12, this can also be on the single or multi-layer foil 4, 9 be arranged, for example on the plastic layer 12, 13. The arrangement can be done, for example, by laminating or gluing.
Furthermore, the at least one heating element can also be arranged within a layer of the single-layer or multilayer film 4, 9, in that the heating element is already provided when this layer is formed and is enclosed or enclosed by the material of this layer.
In the event that the at least one heating element is arranged between two layers or two plastic films 11, 12 of the multilayer film 4, 9, the two layers or plastic films 11, 12 are in particular directly against the at least one heating element or are therefore directly connected.
The at least one heating element has an area or circumscribes an area which has at least 90%, in particular 100%, of the base area of the film 4, 9 or the cooling device. The term “rewrite” is to be understood in relation to the grid-shaped heating element.
/ 22nd
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The heating element can extend continuously over the entire area of the single-layer or multilayer film 4, 9. However, it can also be provided that the heating device 2 has a plurality of heating elements and that each cell 3 is assigned its own heating element.
It is clear from the foregoing that the at least one heating element or the heating elements are electrically contacted, that is to say resistance heating elements. The electrical contact can be made via wiring or conductor tracks. The conductor track (s) can, for example, be applied to the single-layer or multilayer film 4, 9 or a layer thereof by means of thin-layer technology.
Furthermore, the single-layer or multilayer film can have at least one temperature sensor which is connected to the at least one heating element, so that the heating power of the heating element is regulated as a function of the measured value of the temperature. The connection between the heating element and the temperature sensor can be established via a control and / or regulating device.
Each cell 3 is preferably assigned at least one temperature sensor, i.e. each cell 3 has its own temperature sensor.
Like the heating element, the at least one temperature sensor can also be arranged on or in the film 4, 9 or within a layer of the film 4, 9. Furthermore, the at least one temperature sensor can also be produced by means of thin-film technology and can preferably be electrically conductively contacted by means of one or more conductor tracks, wherein the conductor track (s) can also be applied to a layer of film 4, 9.
By "arranged on the film" it is meant that the respective component is on an outside, i.e. an outer surface, the single or multilayer film 4 is arranged.
It is further preferred if the at least one temperature sensor is a thin-film sensor element.
/ 22nd
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The at least one temperature sensor can be, for example, a thermocouple or a termistor. In principle, other suitable temperature sensors can also be used.
The temperature sensor can have a thermistor (NTC) or a thermistor (PTC).
In the preferred embodiment variant, the heating device 2 is used for heating and / or tempering an accumulator 1. However, other uses of the heating device 2 are also possible. The heating device 2 can therefore represent an independent invention in itself, that is to say without the cells 3 and the accumulator 1. The corresponding statements above regarding the heating device 2 therefore also apply to this independent invention.
The exemplary embodiments show or describe possible design variants, wherein combinations of the individual design variants with one another are also possible.
For the sake of order, it should finally be pointed out that for a better understanding of the structure of the accumulator 1 or the heating device 2, these have not necessarily been shown to scale.
/ 22nd
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LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
accumulator
heater
cell
foil
Coolant channel
inlet
outlet
web
foil
connecting areas
Plastic film
Plastic film
reinforcing layer
reinforcing layer
metal foil
metal foil

权利要求:
Claims (9)
[1]
claims
1. Accumulator (1) with at least one cell (3) for storing electrical energy and at least one heating device (2) for heating or tempering the cell (3), characterized in that the heating device (2) is a single or multilayer film (4, 9) with at least one heating element.
[2]
2. Accumulator (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating element is designed as a metal foil or metallized plastic film or wire or grid.
[3]
3. Accumulator (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the heating element is arranged on or in the single-layer or multilayer film (4, 9).
[4]
4. Accumulator (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the heating device (2) is part of a cooling device, wherein the at least one single-layer or multilayer film (4, 9) at least partially forms a coolant channel (5) ,
[5]
5. Accumulator (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the heating element has an area of at least 90% of the base area of the cooling device.
[6]
6. accumulator (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the single or multilayer film (4, 9) for each cell (3) has at least one heating element.
[7]
7. accumulator (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the multilayer film (4, 9) at least two plastic films (11,
16/22
N2017 / 22600 AT-00
12) and that the at least one heating element is arranged between these two plastic films (11, 12).
[8]
8. Accumulator (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the single-layer or multilayer film (4, 9) has at least one temperature sensor which is connected to the heating element, so that the heating power of the heating element as a function of Measured value of the temperature is regulated.
[9]
9. accumulator (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that the at least one temperature sensor bears directly on the cell (3).

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同族专利:

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DE102015204678A1|2015-03-16|2016-09-22|Robert Bosch Gmbh|Battery conditioning with sorbent regeneration|DE102020102523A1|2020-01-31|2021-08-05|Kautex Textron Gmbh & Co. Kg|Battery cooling element, battery module unit and method for producing a battery cooling element|

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CN113517495B|2021-09-14|2022-02-22|中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司|Liquid cooling assembly|

法律状态:
2020-08-15| PC| Change of the owner|Owner name: MIBA EMOBILITY GMBH, AT Effective date: 20200626 |

优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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ATA50771/2017A|AT520410B1|2017-09-14|2017-09-14|accumulator|ATA50771/2017A| AT520410B1|2017-09-14|2017-09-14|accumulator|

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CN201880051342.2A| CN111418108A|2017-09-14|2018-09-11|Storage battery|

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US16/638,929| US20200227800A1|2017-09-14|2018-09-11|Accumulator|

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PCT/AT2018/060205| WO2019051520A1|2017-09-14|2018-09-11|Accumulator|

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DE112018005114.5T| DE112018005114A5|2017-09-14|2018-09-11|accumulator|